R mannesman



R. MANNESMANN.

MANUFACTURE OF SEAMLESS TUBES.

Patented Apr. 26, 1887.

(No Model.)

UNITED STATES PATENT ()FFICE.

nnINHAnn MANNESMAN or Rn usoinnn, GERMA Y,

MANUFACTUREOFSEAMLESS Tunes.

. srncrrrca'ridn forming part of Letters Patent No. 361,955, datedAp ril26, 1881;

Application filed March 28, 1857. Serial No. 232,190. (No model.)Patented in England January 27,1885, No. 1,167; in France January 27,I885, No.165,433; in Germany January 27, 1885, No. 31,6!7; in ItalyJanuary .26, 1886, No. 7,925; in Spniu Augnst 4 21, 18: 6, No. 9,537,and in Austria-Hungary September 18,1886.

To all whom it wea /concern:

Be it known that I, REINHARD MANNns- MANN, of Rcmscheid, Germany, haveinvented certain Improvements in the Manufacture of r 5 SeamlessMetallic Tubes, of which the following is a specification. I

Seamless tubes have heretofore been made from hollow ingots of metalbypassing such ingots between the opposed faces of diago- Ionally-placed rolls, by the oblique compressing v and rolling action ofwhich such ingots,,have been compressed and elongated into tubes ofprescribed length. Rolls-or rolling dies revolving onoppositely-inclined axes, or skewrolls, as tbeyare sometimes called,have also been used for polishing the surfaces of cylin-- drical objectsor blanks which have been passed endwise between their working-faces. fIn addition to imparting rotation to the blanks, such rolls, owing tothe opposite inclination of their axes, also tend to impart a bodilyendwise jnovement to the blank. Assuming that the rolls have a uniformrate of rotation, the speed 7 of bodily. endwise movement which they im='2 5 part to the blank upon which they act increases or diminishesaccordingly as the axes of the rolls are more or less inclined inrelatively-opposite directions from the transverse.

plane of the axis of the blank. The extent to o which the blank iselongated by the action of the rollsdepends of course, upon the amountof reduction which the rolls effect in the diameter of the'blank. Thepresent invention is based upon the discovery thata tubular formationmay begiven .to a portion of a solid ingot or bar of metal solely by theaction upon the solid ingot of diagonally-operating rolls, theworking-faces of which eonvergesnfliciently to hold back the 40enacted-upon portion of the blank, and provided the angles ofinclination of the axes of I the rolls are properly adjustedwith'referenee tothe production of the effects sought for. The main bodyof the blank is held back more 5 or less effectively, according to thedegree of abruptness with which the working-faces of the rolls converge.If the convergence is .sudden and if the axes of the rolls are soinclined that the rolls exert considerable pulling action upon theblank,the metal displaced fromthe perimeter of the blank by the impingement ofthe rolls will be compelled to flow forward and to necessarily assume atubular shape. By this process tubes closed at one .end may be producedfrom solid blanks by suitably adjusting the angles of convergence of theworking-faces of the rolls and the angles of inclination of the axes ofthe rolls and. properly proportioning the thickness of the blank whichis to be operated upon.

For the sake of simplicity of description it is assumed that the blanktravels endwise along a horizontal path between two rolls which arerespectively on either side of it. As a matter of fact, however, whencylindrical or conical 6 rolls are used, three, and sometimes four,rolls are commonly employed for simultaneously acting upon differentsides of the blank.

The accompanying drawings respectively represen in central longitudipalsection, a me tallic blank at various stages in its progress between apair of conical rolls, the workingfaees of which converge and the axesof which are opposite] y inclined from the horizontal plane of the paththrough which the blank travels.

In detail the drawings are as follows: Figure 1 is a top view of a pairof conical rolls arranged on either side of a metallic blank, 1 which isrepresentedin horizontal section, the working-faces of .the rolls shownin Fig. 1 bei ng represented as spirally corrugated. Fig. 2 is a topview of a similar pair, showing thev blank in horizontal section and ata further stage of 'its progress than the stage at which it isrepresented in the preceding figure.

The same description applies to Fig. 3 as compared to Fig. 2, and toFig. 4 as compared to Fig. 3, and to Fig. 5 ascompared to Fig. 4. Thespiral corrugations are shown only in Fig. 1. V

N o attempt is made in the drawings to represent the gearing by whichthe, rolls are driven,nor any organized machine in-which the rollsareplaced, because the machine forms no part of the present invention,and because diagonal-rolling machines are well known.

\Vhen three ormore rolls are employed for acting simultaneously on asmany diiferent sides of the blank, they serve to centralize the weblank; but if only two rolls are employed suitable guides supporting andguiding the blank during its passage through the rolls. Such guides,however, having been heretofore used in machines of analogous character,are not shown in the drawings.

For the sake of simplicity it 'is assumed that the conical rolls A a arearranged on either side of a horizontal path along which the blankB'travels between the con\-'ergent working-faces A a of the rolls.

It is assumed that the vertical planes of the axes of the rolls A a areparallel, but that the axes of the rolls incline respectively inopposite directions from the horizontal plane of the path throughwhicht-he blank travels. These opposite inclinations of the rolls areapproximately shown in the drawings, which represent the rollsrespectively as tipped in opposite directions, so that the large end Aof the roll A and the small end a"' of the roll a are seen.

Although not absolutely necessary, it is strongly advisable that theworkingfaces of corrugations, as shown in Fig. 1. These ribs orcorrugations give the working-faces of the rolls a' more effective holdupon the parts of the blank against which they impinge, and, owing tothe fact that they gradually become coarser in pitch from the part ofthe roll which first engages the blank to the part of the roll whicheffects the greatest reduction in diameter,.the spiral ribs have theeffect of progress ively drawing the metal from the outer portion of theblank inward and forward and" thereby greatly assisting in thedevelopment of the tubular formation.

In Fig. 1 the blank B is represented as having just been engaged by therolls A and a.

The pinching eileetproduced by the rolls is illustrated by the annularflange b, by the forward projection of which from the front end, B, ofthe blank the tubular formation is initiated.

In Fig. 2 a larger qnantity of metal is represented as having been'forced to flow forward -u by.- ,the-aet' nof the rolls, whereby theflange 15' i"correspoii'dihgly lengthened. N

A still further lengtheningis'representcd in Fig.6.

' In Fig. 4 the tubular formation is represented as completed, and thecylindrical shell b of the tube as issuing from the narrower side of thespace between the rolls. The rear must be provided for properly 'portionsolid portion may be used for any purposes the rolls shall be providedwith spiral ribs or end, 13', of the blank is represented in Fig. 4' ashaving been carried forward between the rolls, and as exhibiting aroundits edge a slight annular proiectiom'b, which has been produced by thepinching action of the rolls,

Fig. 5 illustrates the concluding portion of the operatiomand shows thesolid rear end of the blank reduced to the same diameter as the externaldiameter of the tube.

i On reference to the drawings it will be seen that the exterior portionof the blank is drawn inward and forward by the action of the convergingworking-faces of the rolls, and that i the interior portion of the blankremains solid and is to some extent elongated by the rolling down of themetal immediately adjacent to it.

The product may be used for any purpose for which a more or less whichis hollow for a portion only of its length is adapted. Any part of thetubular portion or any part of the solid portion may be cut off from theremainder, and in the manufacture of tubes by this process the entiretubular is cut off, in which case the remaining for which metals in theform of solid bars are adapted. 13y making the blank of .large diameterin proportion to its length the solid portion of the product will becomparatively ineonsiderable.

\Vhat is claimed as the invention is- 1. The hereindescribed improvementin the elongated cylinder art of developing a tubular format-ion fromsolid metallic blanks for the production of seamless metallic tubes andvfor other purposes, which consists in passing a solid metallic blankendwise between two or more rolls the working-faces of which abruptlyconverge in a prescribed degree, and the axes of which are so inclinedthat apreseribed obliquity is given to the direct-ion'in which theworking-faces of of the blank, whereby the metal composing the outerportion of the blankis progressively drawn and rolled inward and'forward and thereby made to assume a tubular shape.

2. In diagonal tube-rolling apparatus, diagonally-acting rolls, theworking-faces of which are provided with spiral ribsor corrugations,which progressively become coarser in pitch, as shown and described.

REINIIARD MANNESM ANN.

Witnesses:

Fmrz Kononn, GUSTAVE Amncn'r Ominous.

.t-he dies act, respectively, upon different sides

